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The Hawar Islands ((アラビア語:جزر حوار); transliterated: Juzur Ḩawār) is an archipelago of desert islands owned by Bahrain. They are situated off the west coast of Qatar in the Gulf of Bahrain of the Persian Gulf. == Description == Despite their proximity to Qatar (they are only 1.1 kilometre (0.68 mi) from the Qatari mainland whilst being from the main islands of Bahrain), the islands belong to Bahrain, having been a part of a dispute between Bahrain and Qatar which was resolved in 2001. The islands were formerly coincident with municipality or ''Minţaqat'' Juzur Ḩawār (مِنْطَقَة جُزُر حَوَار) and are now administered as part of the Southern Governorate of Bahrain. The land area of the islands is approximately 52 km2.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=IUCN Evaluation of Nominations of Natural and Mixed Properties to the World Heritage List )〕 The islands were listed as a Ramsar site in 1997. In 2002, the Bahraini government applied to have the islands recognised as a World Heritage Site due to their unique environment and habitat for endangered species;〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Nomination file: The Hawar Archipelago )〕 the application was ultimately unsuccessful.〔 This site is home to many bird species, notably Socotra cormorants. There are small herds of Arabian oryx and sand gazelle on Hawar island and the seas around support a large population of dugong.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bahrain )〕 Although there are 36 islands in the group,〔 many of the smaller islands are little more than sand or shingle accumulations on areas of exposed bedrock moulded by the ongoing processes of sedimentation and accretion. The WHS application named 8 major islands (see table hereafter), which conforms to the description of the islands when first surveyed as consisting of 8 or 9 islands. It has often been described as an archipelago of 16 islands. Janan island, to the south of Hawar island, is not legally considered to be a part of the group and is owned by Qatar. The islands used to be one of the settlements of the Bahraini branch of the Dawasir who settled there in the early 19th century. The islands were first surveyed in 1820, when they were called the Warden’s Islands, and two villages were recorded.〔 They are now uninhabited, other than a police garrison and a hotel on the main island; access to all but Hawar island itself is severely restricted. Local fishermen are allowed to fish in adjacent waters and there are some recreational fishing and tourism on and around the islands.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bahrain )〕 Fresh water has always been scarce; historically it was obtained by surface collection and even today, with the desalinisation plant, additional supplies have to be brought in.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hawar Islands」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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